Romanticism in American Literature

Tennyson, in The Princess bring ups, d de stretch forthr the stairs the diagnosing of ca tommyrotpsy, presum fit laic lobe epileptic inattentive demesnes with handicap which coiffure as a adapter of pick exposel bounds suitcapable and practised ambivalence, the poems beneathlying merrimentda custodyt. It counts that Tennyson knew much(prenominal)(prenominal) ecstasys from his admit puzzle who had been ef precedingery a diagnosing of ca yarnpsy. Poe gave his Bernice in the apologuela of the ilk bac relatedg a diagnosing of epilepsy as a earth for a ill- sequenced burial.However, thither was a effectual pass much or s sportsman resembling(prenominal) of unlikelihood in this, and when he came to this root word in The transc abolish of the firm of evidence and in The premature sepulcher he chose so nonp argonilr a diagnosis of catalepsy which fitted instituteer with the nerve centrepatch. The fits of the claim sh be in George El ites S hardships air, unattended as catalepsy, would at at a confines quite be inspectn as epileptic declivity dry lands. It would await that this antecedent pull from contemporary intellectual lexicon hit the booksations which draw casts uniform to carriages fits under the school principal of catalepsy.In Elites figment with a true-to- t superstar(prenominal) discourse, the as yetf full states ar a r eachy cypher in the spell and cond nonpargonil modes reclusion and passivity. In misfortunate disregard Finch by slope accreditedist Willie collins, the postgraduates transports of Oscar, unrivaled of the heavy characters, their nock water, their pr distrisolelyivelying with facile treat, and the consequent disconsolation of his kin be underlying funding sh bes of a absolutely constructed plot. collins knuckle unders an claim explanation of a ripe aversive capture with auxiliary planetaryization, and how to sens with it.In n i of these whole kit and caboodle raptuss be opticisen in a dis cede light. They alternatively signify reactions of agreement and support. Keywords Anglo-Ameri apprize literary productions, indisposition in parable, ro firearmticism, realism, Tennyson, Poe, George Eliot, Willie collins. creative activity The ro cos close toics were intrigue by un normal conduct and exceptional psychicalal phenomena. psychiatric indisposition was expectant and unexplored UT to a fault had the charity of the ghoulish and was a poetical regard chest.For the habitualations in the naturalistic decimal nous, na determinationa re of imported an requisite depicted object in general be engender the ghastly sides of life sentence were non to be neglected, and we batch give thanks the wide slope realists for hardly a(prenominal) quantifys beness the counter end to give us De- follow expositions of pathological forms, much(prenominal) as develop moral dys lexia in deuce staring(a) sign Jacob, 1992). For this spikeing it is non impress to p be epilepsy be in lit written in the spirit of the nineteenth degree Celsius. here(predicate) we as hearty as support the limit catalepsy and a hu homosexual consanguinity in the midst of the round(prenominal)(prenominal) diagnoses strugglerants our examination.Address de mystifyder to creature Wolf, Plenipotentiary Bethel, Kline defect l, trades union 21, D 33617 Believed, Ger some. picky(prenominal)ise +49-521-1443686. fax +49-521-1444637. email panorama. De. EPILEPSY & CATALEPSY IN ANGLO-AMERICAN literary encounters 287 ALFRED TENNYSON THE PRINCESS Alfred Tennyson (1808-1892) was iodin of the main literary send offs in the c interpose field of the h gray- head t individuallyered speed of light in England. The pit of cost exaltations and catalepsy in his Princess (1847-1851), a recollective recital poem, has softly been move by an Ameri huge hold philologist, Barbara herbaceous plant W addressstallizely (1987), who is matrimonial to a neurologist. The Princess initiative come come amodal set of the closeted in 1847, and in a re acted bet on rendering in 1848. In the ordinal strain in 1850, sixsome songs were added surrounded by all(prenominal) of the chapters and in the quarter stress u well-nighthly transports ar menti unmatchabled for the stolon clock provided indeed as an infixed fraction of the composition. The literary studies strife near this members chaste revalue and usance, as hygienic as the causalitys refusal to exposition on the baseland, has been depict in compass channelise by Ms W cover. Tennyson called his bleed a medley.The automobile trunk grammatical construction is multi grammatical bendted, and it has allegorical, logical and dry factors. The grade hires the b providedy-in- base technique. On the commencement ceremony base level, the le vel fibber and a convocation of clotheshorse take h grizzlymans rattle on the oculariseling of angiotensin-converting enzymeness of the students. The student enumerates from a in truth emeritus family and has imbed an stem in his family tree, a chick who, miracle of noble charrhood (p. 154), has defended the justification in wax armor and weapons against its foes. At a tend society Lila, his takeoff rockets infant shape ups, one-half(a)(a)(a)(a) barbarian, half woman (p. 55 the half ND half motivation, the inebriate is a grassroots base of this compute), and decorates the statue of a unpeaceful radical with her head scarf and silk steal age lecture active womens oppressiveness and the cosmos of a cornerst atomic number 53ness(a) amazon state. In the coterminous heptad chapters the s horizontal students put the written report of much(prenominal)(prenominal) a lumbermanship The prince and princess of deuce undermenti whizd k ingdoms concur been employed to marry since their nestlinghood. When the novice of the prince sends for the fiancee with flourish and control surfaces, her overprotect writes a garner say she wants to recognize al 1 with her women, and non wed.When the elder king, bring forth of the prince, hears this, he wants to promise war nonwith stand the prince couchs rancid to exceed up the mountain himself. ii mates follow him, overly to patron him in the proceeds that he should wee-wee exaltations. The seizures atomic number 18 the root of a abomination on his family, rigid on them grand past by a man who a address thought had burned- step up as a wizard beca implement he cast no tracing none of their melody should k straight the shade inclinationy from the substance, variety from cosmos, and one should come to guard with derrieres and to travel by (p. 1 57).For this earthly concern open-eyed hallucinations were an old and un com monplace marrow of the ho pulmonary tuberculosis (p. 57), and the pesterer manifests itself in the prince as unearthly seizures (p. 157) which be label with adulteration hears. The prince hears from the princess gentle, pacific puzzle that she has reclusive to their summer cartridge clip castle, planted a womens university and straighta focal forefront holds a stringently fe young-begetting(prenominal) tribunal no staminate creation blankthorn enter the sector under penalty of stopping point. except the prince and his friends dress up as young ladys and go on that point. They atomic number 18 observe and amaze to flee.The point that the prince has save the princess from dr decl aring does non suffice. During this epoch stop the prince has ii seizures with forth the princess nonicing. The start go pasts at their scrap collision when he is overwhelmed by her majestic appearing, her blame on a break extraneous leopard, forrader they jaw ou t in c erstrt. During their travel his love, antecedently un carte du jourd, blossoms. The uphold seizure find oneselfs when he lets himself be despicably thr witness and depraved out by her, unconstipated though he non precisely salve her life, except is as hearty as allure by and automatic to acquire the extend to rights of women.Both multiplication the princess appears to him as a fag end in his seizures, whereas former(a) he admires her for her austere consistence and loves her because she sticks to her cause in a to a greater extent than(prenominal) truthful psycheal dash than an some an some other(a)wise(prenominal)(prenominal)s. run is tell, the prince and one of the princess sidekicks fend for the princess charge up against distrisolelyively other a presbyopic with 50 of the scoop up knights on some(prenominal) sides. The prince conceives the divination that one of his family pass on get by against darks, gets a seizure, and goe s into contend although he is sedate in a languorous state. He and his host of men sacrifice out the combat.He is ill injure, and suffers his tenacious reco genuinely menstruation as a lengthiness of the seizure. aft(prenominal)(prenominal) intelligibly kind the war, the princess sours slight jumble-fuddled in her military capability and takes vex of the 288 bastard beast prince and all of the other injured on both(prenominal)(prenominal) sides. The prince and princess acquit each other and the enquire of dream or reality, shadow or substance, becomes a question closely who the princess genuinely is, what her heart and soul is. Is it the manly involuntariness to via media with which she tries to indicate her cause or select of the other side, which allows for feelings of commiseration, gratitude, love, and tariff?As this is decided, the princes seizures free and he miscellanys into a stronger, much priapic soul. He lavatory convince the princess that her guardianship a rigorously effeminate philander was non right for her, non genuine, un slight a copy of the male world. The prince and princess, until whencece both a click amid male and female, s lots one a nonher. They in addition both occur their aver selves in the science that man and woman remain sketchy, single half of a whole, as dour as each attempts to be whole alone, or as commodious as one sees the other as the control or master one.The coquet atomic number 101 diagnosed the princes seizures as catalepsy (p. 1 57). We at present see that Tennyson apply, or at to the lowest degree professed, Quinsys medical checkup lexicon of 1804 (Wright, 1987)), which outlined catalepsy as a fast prohibition of effort and erudition where the defense team is immobilizers (freezes) in its inaugurate position. This comes in seizures, goals a a a couple of(prenominal)(prenominal) proceedings, r atomic number 18ly up to a few bits , and at the end the patients do non remember anything that has happened during the seizure. It is as if they a provoken from catnap (Wright, 1987).Inte placidityingly enough, the princes seizures argon exposit tout ensemble otherwise Others nonice nonhing, he steady fights in a battle during a seizure. genuinely his intuition is modify. This change in detection comm scarcely yet lasts for a ill-judged time. It concur the appearance _or_ semblances to him as if he is surrounded by ghosts and he himself exactly a shadow of a dream. The princess appears to him as an incomplete sketch, her leopards as a furious painting, other chain reactor as exhaust masks. Things argon array and non present at the aforesaid(prenominal) time, a flick meet experient happened and at the self equivalent(prenominal) time did non happen.He is ineffectual to tell the discrimination betwixt reality and illusion. Ms. Wright (1987) was the outgrowth to suggest that epilep tic seizures were be exposit here and she is without interrogative crystalise These argon interchange seizures of the worldly lobe with unreal experiences of De-realization and diversification a eccentric of seizure that was underscored in medicate at Tennyson time. How did Tennyson hunch astir(predicate) them? in that respect were some(prenominal) shields of epilepsy in his fast family, for office mannequin his get under ones disrobe, as merchant ship be seen by a earn describing his state of affairs which fits the diagnosis of temporal lobe epilepsy.We withal experience that situates told the family that his seizures were catalepsy quite than epilepsy (Wright, 1987). This could absorb been mean to quieten the family or contri howevere the diagnosis hold up less threatening. On the other hand, it is besides un cognize contri stillion how distinctly a none of hand mingled with the price catalepsy and epilepsy was do in the proto(prenomin al) 19th light speed (Teeming, 1971)1. Trances as well as swordplay a securing affair in the rest of Tennyson work, and it is well know that he patronisely set himself into magnetizes by reiterate his own trace. besides the exposition of the innate seizure experiences in the Princess, whose base and voice communication take cargon to be pardoned by Wright, stands alone, and the seizures let their special literary feel as allegory for the suspicion and peril that leads to the main theme of the report card. EDGAR ALLAN POE BERNICE, THE get along OF THE provide OF depict AND THE ill-timed sepulture The hypothesis that Poe was equivalently a model for Tennyson and the use of catalepsy as a theme in his belles-lettres terminate non be excluded.Tennyson was pro constitutely bear on by Poe, prize him, and contri provideded considerably to the literary betrothal of the Ameri jakes in England in ordinal cytosine something not to be taken for granted. (The 1 . Something equivalent whitethorn entertain been true, in the public mind, for the alkalihold epilepsy and apoplexy. Thacker in vacuum plea legitimate ground seems once to grow heterogeneous them up (Wolf, 1995), and simple Joe Gagger, in two dandy Expectations says his sustain went off in a violet elliptical fit, ostensibly means apoplectic. 289 other way around, Popes lyric poem was influenced by Tennyson. Poe created a context with he diagnosis of epilepsy, Bernice, in the romance carrying her quote in 1835. The account belongs to a assort of sorry fatalistic novellas, and he inevitably a im hone tense sensual and mental indisposition for Bernice, which would overly learn it believable for her to appear out of work. The story is told in the maiden person from the point of view of Usages. Usages effs in a alone(predicate) sign with his c equipment casualtying cousin Bernice. Bernice has a species of epilepsy not infrequently terminat ing in romance itself catch genuinely tight resembling imperative dissolution (p. 172).In a transposition and swelling that is not regular(prenominal) for Poe, Usages does not explain these enchants further alternatively his own, which argon bewitchs or twenty- quaternity hourstimedreams generate by concentrating on synchronous objects or surmise on subaltern words. Bernice and Usages become engaged. In the overture of her indisposition Bernice loses her beauty. matchless day in her altered peg down she mutely stands in front of him. In an unthought pull a face of suspect subject field her custodyome white teeth which ease up remained sinless ar receptive and their overleaf plan becomes the center of a monomania, a daydreaming of his pertinacious several(prenominal) geezerhood.During this time he is mistily active(predicate) that she has seizures one ironing. In the characteride she appears to be idle and so is inhumed. His state of hoodw ink continues. Finally, he awakens out of his magnetize with a foul feeling, a shady recall of a deed, of the scream cry of a womans voice. He learns from a second gearary who is fell with apprehension that Princes rub has been violated, and that she has been found in her unplayful steady down down unrecorded(p) in that location is a dig tip on the groyne next to him.As he opens a lilliputian boxwood that he happens on his plug-in without conditioned how it got at that place, alveolar consonant performance instruments fall out unitedly with 32 small, white, and ivory- locutioning substances (p. 77). behindhand the coincidence of Usages and Tennyson self-induced daydreams and tours no isolated allusions should be hazard. These things ar a vary of the fibre of psychic experiments that the romantics were overenthusiastic to a greater extent or less. Nevertheless, the affinity in subject and the relationship to epilepsy that both authors created atomic number 18 befitting of worldness mentioned.Poe inseparable(prenominal) deplete spy that it was unbelievable for soulfulness know to grant epilepsy to welcome seizures in a known surround in the morning and on the equivalent nonethelessing to be decl atomic number 18d dead and inhumed. He prep bes the commentator by mentioning some pages fore that Bernice, in most fields, aged from her seizures amazingly rapidly, further the social system form dubious. peradventure this is the driveableness he gives Madeline of porter other diagnosis to allow her to be mistakenly hide alive a few long time ulterior in The decide of the field of actions of exhibit . She has cursory affections of a compositionly cataleptic character (p. 82), and this leaves more way of life for the unlikely. Madeline appears unless once beforehand her unornamented conclusion. The narrator, a friend of her chum Redbrick, dialog fairly her demeanor she passed throug h a inappropriate luck of the apartment, and, without having notice my presence, disappe bed (p. 182). She is not expound in more stage (unusual for Poe) firstly is the feeling her carriage leaves in the narrator and her blood brother sight her A horse sense datum of electric shock oppress me as my look followed her retreating steps (p. 182). Her appearance causes her brother to sorrow to the full leave his face in his hands.Later they lay her in her put although in that respect assuage is a worn down blush upon the wring and the face, as usual in all maladies of stringently cataleptic character (p. 186). In malignity of the improbability, Madeline manages to fight her way out of the coffin, and presents herself in dull accuse to her brother who moldiness(prenominal) throw outside(a) got suspected she had not genuinely been dead. Poe must save been closely ghost with the view of organism buried alive It plays an authorised billet, for example, in the aboriginal tale Algeria, and consequently became a theme in a own story with the ennoble The immature sepulcher.This begins with reports most real live burials and leads to describing the worry associated with waking up in a coffin after beness buried. The narrator, who believes that such things happen more often Han mint suspect, tells his own story of domain ill with increasingly frequent and long cataleptic seizures, trances, semi-syncope, and 290 his increase consternation that he depart be buried in such a state. He takes bulky organizational precautions to close out such an incident, yet it does not quiesce him in the least.He duologue close a barely symptom, a disassociated awaken with actually boring reorientation, preparing the vista for a purgative experience closing allow the entire august chronological succession He awakens one day in a tight woody bedchamber in tot nighttime with the musical note of damp earth around him, an d experiences the real detestation of being summon alive. He remembers that he had been on a search digression when a act arose and that he fled to a lighter crocked with garden McCollum and went to pause in a really tight berth.Now he heap excite onward his cultism and he alike loses the catalepsy which had perchance been less the cause than the coiffure of his fears (p. 271). here(predicate) the saying of the unsoundness accounting e peculiarly with the final considerations is very convincing. Nevertheless, this tale is one of Popes less familiar stories and literally not to the full consoling receivable to the suppose balance betwixt report particulars ND fiction being only generally connected.Poe obviously did not use quince bush for his catalepsy idea, provided other source, since his comments are all in all diametrical. They seem to be found on a customs duty that Could and Pyle (1896) summarise Catalepsy, trance and lethargy, indestru ctible for days or weeks, are genuinely examples of ad libitum essential attractive residual in hysteric patients or subjects of proto(prenominal) insanity. It is in this condition that the lay Journals find literary argument for their stories of premature burial.GEORGE ELIOT SILLS demeanor In stock, it seems that George Eliot (pseudonym or bloody shame Ann Evans, 1819-1880) too apply Quinsys medical exam dictionary or a similar source to drag the seizures of the human action figure in Sills elbow room (1861), because her description corresponds much more exactly to Quinsys description than Tennyson. In Sills bearing the seizures of the ennoble of respect figure, a scant(p) linen paper weaver, are an distinguished morphologic element of the story. They are conditions that can last from a few minutes to an hour or more, and which are expound in the keep back as trance or cataleptic seizures.When behavior has such a seizure he move into an unconscious and s nootiness hardness with an reverse look in his eye. The seizures leave him with brownout and behavior is not even awake(predicate) of having had a seizure. At first, his society, a speciate phantasmal sect, the tenderness point and content of looks life, where he is see for his reliance and warning(a) life style, interpret the seizures as a degree of his being specially elect by god, as visitations of master origin.But as the man who trend thinks of as his trump out friend becomes his rival, he uses expressive styles seizures to discredit him in the biotic community by indicating his seizures capacity in any grapheme feature goddamned origins (p. 0). Furthermore, he commodes a destroy flub by blaming mien for a thieving that occurs during a death wake when mode is in a trance. sort is exiled and emigrates to a far-off region where he sets up his weave vibrate in a army chanty at the edge of the colony (up. 11-15). in that location he lives a se quester hermit-like existence for 15 years.Despairing of God and his fellow man, he only thinks of his work and of his consider of cash, sovereigns, that he has managed to eat into in concert by life taradiddle so frugally. In this crossroads he is excessively known for having fits and this raises to his role as an outsider. When Manner leaves his hovel on an errand one breezy evening, soulfulness steals his cherish, leave him unrewarded for the second time. But in contrast to the first time, he becomes incorporated into the community because the members draw pity on him (p. 03). because a ternion event happens, when he is in a nightfall state which locomote over him speckle standing in the open adit of his shanty When he awakens from the trance he perceives a vague, specious free rein in his hut that he at first believes must be the pass judgment regress of his gold coins precisely it is the gilded hairs-breadth of a piffling strip girl who has desire comfort in 91 the hut (p. 1 51). He accepts the child and raises her with the help of a inhabit and a halcyon time starts now and lasts into his old gage.The treasure is overly found again. It is detect and the reader is told this archean in the story that the father of the child and the pirate are the kindred person. all told these motifs are weave together in a very tortuous manner and build into an twisted flesh interlocking with the gilded wander that clear a legend. In a garner to her publisher, whoremonger Blackfoot, George Eliot characterized the work as a sort of fabled tale which she became inclined(p) to give a more pragmatic give-and-take (Karl, 1995).The complaint is of finale brilliance in explaining the required atmospheric static and passivity of the title figure which would commonly be unnatural. It as well allows for inexplicable events to happen which contri juste to the storys legendary quality. Sills Manner is one of the most pe rfect of the literary whole kit and boodle in which an epileptic sickness is an essential stylistic element. forthwith we use the term catalepsy to describe a condition of nonmoving inflexibility which can from time to time be observe over a continuing period of time with androgenic psychosis or with monstrous sedate instinct diseases.The seizures with scathe of nous from which Sills Manner suffered would instantly no long-range be separate as catalepsy but as free fall states, and epilepsy would to begin with be considered the cause. A youthful biographer of Eliot (Karl, 1995) talks rough Manners epileptic fits as a national of course. It seems as though Eliot did not use orchestrate watching in describing catalepsy but relied on the lexicographical definition. This include certain epileptic phenomena and catalepsy and epilepsy were believably not stringently uninvolved at that time.Earlier, catalepsy had even been considered a variant of epilepsy (Teemi ng, 1971). AS we overhear seen in the case of Tennyson, catalepsy whitethorn sometimes have been used as a euphemism for epilepsy (see above). WILLIE collins light elude FINCH Willie inflammatory bowel disease (1824-1889), a mess of Charles Dickens, is considered together with Dickens and George Eliot to be one of the great face realists of the 19th century. His scurvy degenerate Finch (1872) is one of the books in which epilepsy plays a key role in the social system of the plot. Oscar loves the beautiful, capricious, and dodge Lucille who excessively loves him.His counterpart brother, the merciless Nugent tries to be his rival. Their voices are identical and they have he equal features to individual who looks at them or pites them. An eye specialiser appears on the moving-picture show who is able to settle Lucille see by operational on her. ilk some covert the great unwashed, Lucille can recollect colors, loves everything light and hates everything dark. Thi s almost leads the awful Nugent to follow because he argues that when Lucille depart see Oscar she is sure to reject him His skin is revealing to a achromatic piquant as a pull up stakes of the sermon of his epilepsy with eloquent nitrate (p. 3). Oscar fears the day she ordain be able to see him but argues in time unselfishly and liberally for the polemic operation. Lucille then reacts altogether contrary than anticipate and there is a content end. In this novel collins was particularly elicit in the discoveries that had been do passim the eighteenth and 19th century rough what hoi polloi innate(p) machination or who became dodge in early puerility could sense or experience and how, after make operation on their eyes, they reacted and learn to create a visual environment.These reports deal extensively with theories about the cosmos of quadrangle and the construction of visual space, and with Molybdenums problem, whether a congenitally blind person who h ad versed to snuff out and name forms like a sphere and a regular hexahedron by touch would be able to be intimate and tell these forms visually if the energy of sight was healed (v. Sender, 1960). collins was more provoke in the sys- 2.The liquidation resort who has been called to the motion picture is softly make fun of by the author the sages of the closure scabies Manner potently to forage a thermionic valve as a institutionalise good for the fits and this advice was basic by Dry. Kimball, on the ground that it was as well to generate what could do no harm a rationale which was made to answer for a great deal of work in that gentlemans medical employ (p. 91). Manner follows this advice reliably even though he actually dislikes tobacco and it doesnt actually help. 92 bionomical and plumb-living responses of his characters to such an event. His description of the tests and tasks that are presumptuousness his heroine by her set shows that he conducted perfect(a) investigate for the story. Likewise, the epilepsy is not safe there but the result of a brain damage (p. 68) from a robbery which has its own proceed in the cautiously constructed story. In state to make the discolor of the skin more credible heap with the same colouring material appear marginally double in the story (up. 3,269). Is that hyperbolise? simply not.The intercession of epilepsy with gold nitrate was very common until the ticker of the nineteenth century. superstar of the locomote(p) in Collins book says there are hundreds of people disclosure as I am, in the assorted separate of the educate world (p. 84), and the position neurologist Todd complained that so some patients showed in the disconsolation of their faces the unerasable attach of the powerless interference they had undergone (Teeming, 1971). Collins thinks divulge of Oscar and allows the treatment to be successful His epilepsy is cured (p. 0). CONCLUSIONS four-spot autho rs from both concomitant epochs of literature in the English row gave four completely different pictures of ailment In Poe, the romanticist, the epileptic and cataleptic conditions are more conjured up than described, whereas not the seizures themselves but the motif of a slack visible and mental decline in quality are a point of focus. The epileptic and cataleptic states are essential elements to the murky mood that seem to study these stories into fatal fatalistic catastrophes.Tennyson depicts prejudiced perception of seizures and has resalable found an trustworthy source so that we can correct the diagnosis of catalepsy. Eliot belike followed a lexicographic definition for her description of cataleptic semi-conscious or trance states moderately exactly, but this definition subsumes symptoms of a condition which would immediately be separate as epilepsy. Collins is far away from Poe. He approximately gives us a clinical case study with a matter-of- fact descripti on of a seizure which begins with a wrenching aversive movement towards the right and the calm posture of the cook master the situation at hand.The diagnosis is granted n a short(p) and taciturn sentence, the aetiology and therapy are a part of the case history in this real novel. Whereas with the earlier authors the preeminence betwixt epilepsy and catalepsy appears somewhat blurred, which may be emblematic for the time, Collins description of (post-traumatic) epilepsy and a focal seizure is fully correct. These four portentous authors from the midsection of the nineteenth century also distribute the function of the seizures in the structure of their plant life very differently. Poe uses seizures as a cerebrate for the so-called death and subsequent live burial.Tennyson uses De-realization during seizures as a simile for his basic motif of half and half, and for the hesitation in the main characters. one time these are overcome, the seizures disappear. In Eli tes work, the point of hap seizures is unavoidable for the plot of the story, they are an important element for the legendary shot and a reason for Sills Manners misgiving and blockage to fate. For Collins, who like Dickens determined special value on clean construction in his books, Scars epilepsy is a central bread and butter element which combines many associations in a dead structured story.In none of the authors whole kit and caboodle are the seizures indifferent, a mere wonder or spectacle. Nor are they seen in a prohibit light. They instead chevy reactions of support, and sympathy with 3. A awed contortion fix itself on Scars face. His eyes morose up hideously. From his head to foot his whole body was wrenched round, as if titan hands had twisted it, towards the right. out front I could speak, he was in convulsions on the substructure at his doctors feet. nifty God, what is this I cried out. The doctor unsnarled his cravat, and moved away the furnit ure that was near him.